š® Interactive Games
š Bone Detective
Identify bones from their descriptions and functions!
š¦“ Skeleton Builder
Drag and drop bones to build a complete skeleton!
š± How to play: Tap a bone to select it (it will glow), then tap the correct position on the skeleton!
Build the Skeleton
Available Bones:
š§¬ Skin Layer Explorer
Match skin layers with their functions and characteristics!
Functions:
Characteristics:
š Concept Notes
š¦“ The Skeletal System
The skeletal system is the framework of our body, made up of 206 bones in adults. It provides structure, protects organs, enables movement, and produces blood cells.
Key Functions:
- Support: Gives shape and structure to the body
- Protection: Protects vital organs (skull protects brain)
- Movement: Works with muscles to enable movement
- Blood Production: Bone marrow produces blood cells
- Mineral Storage: Stores calcium and phosphorus
š¬ Bone Structure and Composition
Bone Composition
- ā¢ Calcium Phosphate: Makes bones hard
- ā¢ Collagen: Protein that makes bones flexible
- ā¢ Bone Marrow: Soft tissue inside bones
- ā¢ Periosteum: Outer membrane covering bones
Types of Bones
- ā¢ Long Bones: Femur, humerus (arms, legs)
- ā¢ Short Bones: Wrist and ankle bones
- ā¢ Flat Bones: Skull, ribs, shoulder blades
- ā¢ Irregular Bones: Vertebrae, jaw bones
Major Bones
- ā¢ Skull: Protects the brain
- ā¢ Spine: 33 vertebrae, supports body
- ā¢ Ribs: 12 pairs, protect heart and lungs
- ā¢ Femur: Thigh bone, longest bone
- ā¢ Pelvis: Hip bones, supports lower body
Joints
- ā¢ Ball and Socket: Shoulder, hip (360Ā° movement)
- ā¢ Hinge: Knee, elbow (back and forth)
- ā¢ Pivot: Neck (rotation)
- ā¢ Fixed: Skull bones (no movement)
š§¬ The Skin - Our Protective Covering
š Epidermis (Outer Layer)
- ā¢ Outermost layer of skin
- ā¢ Made of dead skin cells
- ā¢ Contains melanin (gives skin color)
- ā¢ Protects from germs and UV rays
- ā¢ Constantly renews itself
š©ø Dermis (Middle Layer)
- ā¢ Thickest layer of skin
- ā¢ Contains blood vessels and nerves
- ā¢ Has hair follicles and sweat glands
- ā¢ Contains collagen for strength
- ā¢ Helps regulate body temperature
š§ Hypodermis (Inner Layer)
- ā¢ Deepest layer of skin
- ā¢ Made mostly of fat cells
- ā¢ Insulates and cushions the body
- ā¢ Stores energy as fat
- ā¢ Connects skin to muscles
ā” Skin Functions
- ā¢ Protection from germs and injury
- ā¢ Temperature regulation (sweating)
- ā¢ Sensation (touch, heat, cold)
- ā¢ Vitamin D production (sunlight)
- ā¢ Waterproofing the body
šŖ Bone Health and Skin Care
Keeping Bones Healthy:
Calcium-rich foods: Milk, cheese, green vegetables
Vitamin D: Sunlight, fish, fortified foods
Exercise: Weight-bearing activities strengthen bones
Avoid: Smoking, excessive caffeine
Skin Care Tips:
Cleanliness: Regular bathing with mild soap
Sun protection: Use sunscreen, wear hats
Hydration: Drink water, use moisturizer
Healthy diet: Vitamins A, C, E for skin health
š Study Flashcards
Tap on cards to flip them and test your knowledge!
āļø Interactive Activities
š¬ Virtual Bone Lab
Examine different types of bones and test their properties!
Select Bone Type to Examine:
Bone Properties Test:
Lab Results:
Select a bone type and test to see results!
š Skin Health Analyzer
Analyze different skin conditions and learn about proper skin care!
Select Skin Condition to Analyze:
Select a skin condition to analyze and get care recommendations!
š Learning Worksheets
š Knowledge & Understanding Worksheet
Test your basic knowledge about skeletal system and skin (Bloom's: Remember & Understand)
1. Fill in the blanks:
The adult human body has _______ bones that form the skeletal system.
The _______ is the longest bone in the human body, located in the thigh.
The outermost layer of skin is called the _______.
2. Multiple Choice:
Which type of joint allows 360-degree movement?
Which layer of skin contains fat cells for insulation?
What is produced in the bone marrow?
š¬ Analysis & Application Worksheet
Apply your knowledge to solve real-world problems about bones and skin (Bloom's: Apply & Analyze)
Case Study Analysis:
Maya is a 13-year-old girl who spends most of her time indoors playing video games. She rarely goes outside, doesn't drink milk, and avoids green vegetables. Recently, she fractured her arm from a minor fall, and the doctor mentioned her bones seem weaker than normal for her age. Maya also complains that her skin looks pale and gets sunburned easily when she does go outside.
Problem-Solving Challenge:
4. Match the bone fracture with the most likely cause and prevention method:
Scenario A: Elderly person with hip fracture from minor fall
Scenario B: Young athlete with stress fracture in leg